• Replication means copying data across multiple servers or nodes.
  • Improves availability by allowing reads/writes from multiple copies.
  • If one node fails, others can serve requests.
  • Common replication types:
    • Master-Slave: One master handles writes; slaves handle reads.
    • Master-Master: Multiple masters handle reads and writes, sync data between them.
  • Helps reduce latency by serving data from the nearest replica.
  • Must handle data consistency between replicas (can lead to eventual consistency).
  • Enables fault tolerance and load balancing.