- Partition tolerance means the system keeps working even if parts of the network can’t communicate.
- Handles network failures or message loss between nodes.
- Essential in distributed systems where nodes are in different locations.
- Guarantees the system won’t crash or stop processing due to a network split.
- Required for any reliable large-scale system (e.g., cloud services).
- In CAP theorem, it’s one of the three guarantees (C, A, P) and must be maintained.